![]() ![]() ![]() Proteins are subject to physical and functional changes that mirror the life cycle of the organisms in which they reside. Receptors enable cells to sense and respond to hormones and other environmental cues (see Chapters 41 and 42). Enzymes catalyze reactions that generate energy, synthesize and degrade biomolecules, replicate and transcribe genes, process mRNAs, etc (see Chapter 7). Hemoglobin transports oxygen (see Chapter 6), while circulating antibodies defend against foreign invaders (see Chapter 52). Actin and myosin filaments form the contractile machinery of muscle (see Chapter 51). For example, an internal protein network, the cytoskeleton (see Chapter 51) maintains cellular shape and physical integrity. Proteins are physically and functionally complex macromolecules that perform multiple critically important roles. Give three reasons why mass spectrometry (MS) has largely supplanted chemical methods for the determination of the primary structure of proteins and the detection of posttranslational modifications.Įxplain why MS can identify posttranslational modifications that are undetectable by Edman sequencing or DNA sequencing.ĭescribe how DNA cloning and molecular biology made the determination of the primary structures of proteins much more rapid and efficient.Įxplain what is meant by “the proteome” and cite examples of its ultimate potential significance.ĭescribe the advantages and limitations of gene chips as a tool for monitoring protein expression.ĭescribe three strategies for resolving individual proteins and peptides from complex biologic samples to facilitate their identification by MS.Ĭomment on the contributions of genomics, computer algorithms, and databases to the identification of the open reading frames (ORFs) that encode a given protein. ![]() After studying this chapter, you should be able to:ĭescribe multiple chromatographic methods commonly employed for the isolation of proteins from biologic materials.ĭescribe how electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels can be used to determine a protein’s purity, relative mass, and isoelectric point.ĭescribe the basis on which quadrupole and time-of-flight spectrophotometers determine molecular mass. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |